What is Programming?

Programming is the process of writing instructions for computers to perform tasks, solve problems, or automate processes. It involves coding in various languages to create software, websites, and applications.

प्रोग्रामिंग कंप्यूटर को कार्य करने, समस्याओं को हल करने या प्रक्रियाओं को स्वचालित करने के लिए निर्देश लिखने की प्रक्रिया है। इसमें सॉफ़्टवेयर, वेबसाइट और एप्लिकेशन बनाने के लिए विभिन्न भाषाओं में कोडिंग शामिल है।

Understanding The Problem

Understanding the problem means analyzing the issue, defining inputs and outputs, and identifying constraints to find an effective solution.

समझने का मतलब है समस्या का विश्लेषण करना, इनपुट और आउटपुट को परिभाषित करना, और प्रभावी समाधान खोजने के लिए प्रतिबंधों की पहचान करना।

Construction of the List of Variables

The construction of a list of variables in Python refers to creating and organizing multiple values in a structured format. This can be done using lists, tuples, or dictionaries. A **list** (`[ ]`) stores mutable values, a **tuple** (`( )`) stores immutable values, and a **dictionary** (`{ }`) holds key-value pairs for better organization. Example:

“`python
variables = [“temperature”, “humidity”, “pressure”]
constants = (“pi”, “gravity”, “speed_of_light”)
data = {“temperature”: 25, “humidity”: 60, “pressure”: 1013}
“`

Lists allow modifications, while tuples and dictionaries provide structured data handling.

Program Development

### **Program Development Steps in Python**

1. **Problem Definition** – Identify the problem and requirements.
2. **Planning & Algorithm Design** – Outline the logic and flow using pseudocode or flowcharts.
3. **Coding** – Write Python code based on the designed logic.
4. **Testing & Debugging** – Identify and fix errors through testing.
5. **Optimization** – Improve performance and efficiency.
6. **Documentation** – Write explanations and comments for future reference.
7. **Deployment & Maintenance** – Release the program and update as needed.

Example:

“`python
# Step 3: Coding – Simple Program
def greet(name):
return f”Hello, {name}!”

print(greet(“Alice”))
“`

Step for developing software?

a) Algorithm
b) Flowchart
c) Pseudocode
d) Coding / Programming

Algorithm

• An algorithm is a procedure or step-by-step instruction to solve a problem.
• An algorithm is a simple set of instructions or steps to solve a problem.
• Founder :- Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khawarizmi
• Persian mathematicain
• 9th century

What is the first computer algorithm ? 

• Note G
• Written By : – Ada Lovelece
• 1843

Ada Lovelace

• First Computer Programmer
• English mathematician and writer 
• Calculate Bernouli numbers

Google Algorithm

• Caffeine (2010)
• Panda (2011)
• Penguin (2012)
• Venice (2012) 
• Pirate (2012) 
• Hummingbird (2013)
• Pigeon (2013)
• HTTP/SSL (2014) 
• Mobilegeddon (2015) 
• RankBrain (2015) 
• Possum (2016)
• Intrusive Interstitials Update (2017) 
• Mobile Page Speed Update (2018)
• Medic (2018) 
• BERT (2019) 
• Core Updates (Latest) 

Google Algorithm